Device for illuminating all kinds of hollow members



Nov. 20, 1928. 1,692,554

F. F. I..EITER DEVICE FDR- ILLUMINATING ALL KINDS OF HOLLOW MEMBERS Filed Jan 22, 1924 Jaye/11hr 1975a d w/z FErdi nd Lei i'el" Patented NOVi ZO, 1928i UNITED STATES;

FRIEDRICH FERDINAND Lannie; or rvmnna, AUSTRIA, assro'non; To. Jessa-mm;

mama camunersorma msmnmnmm, or VIENNA, AUSTRIA, VA .co m1vY'-- '03:

AUSTRIA. l

DEVICE r03 ILLUMiNATINGALL' xm'nsor HOLLOW MEMBERSi. I

.' Application le m-mega, 1924; SerialNo. esrsso ana in Anstrialebruary l,1923..

In consequence of the invention. of the cystoscope for examining thebladder of a living person or animal it is obvious to obtain- .photographically. the representations shown by the instrument. An electric incandescent lamp in the shape of a metallic filamentlamp is employed. as the sourceof light, whose in tensity is .kept within certain limits owing to its dimensions or size. Also the diameter and size of theoptical arrangementis limit ed by thesize of theurethra or urinary passage, and when conforming to these limita-" tions it-is not possible to increase the brightness beyond the presently known statein accordance with the opening the lens of the photographic apparatus, also the time of exposure has toybe taken into consideration, whlc-h depends on. the l.lfJ,lrt-SG I lSlt1VIlSS of the SGIlSllllZGCl surface- -When taking photographs of the bladder,

the brightness of the sectionot' the. latter, as well as also. of the. optical system for reprioducin the im'ageis l mited. For the of such photographs ofthe bladder the long-f est time of exposure whichis. possible is de -I termined by the physiological conditionsof the bladder, which is analogous to the taking of photographs of movingobjectsi 'No' matter how worthy of a preciation the results may be which are attained within these limits,

it is impossible to term them satisfactory The ideal of the photographic reproduction of an object is color-photography. It it is de-' sired to employ the same either directly or indirectly'for the taking of photographs of the bladder, the mentioned limits cannot be overstepped when employing the known arrangements owing to the very considerably increased time of exposure required for the color-photography, and therefore it has herephotographs in.

tofore been impossible to take colors of the bladder.

According to the present invention this problem is solved in that the principle of illumination is entirely altered. The source of light is disposed at the outside in such a manner, that forinstance an electric arc lamp or any other convenient source of light'is employed as the main source of light, while the incandescent lamp, used at present, re-

knowledge of. the optical mai s within the bladder. (By mats are.

- convenientcondenser system a thin beam of,

light isformed of themainsource of light and i is promoted into the bladder 'with'theaid or manner just described to increasefthe .in-'

tensity of illumination of the objectftof be photographed to such de ree, that very satis-v factory photographs incolorsare' obtainable;

The incandescent lamp, which in the hitherto common manner is introduced into the cavity,

is necessary firstly in order to locate {thejpart of the cavity to be photographed andltotad just the same in relation to thispart before 3 connecting the endoscope to'the voluminous exterior source of light, which. cannot be moved wlth'ease, and, secondlyv in order to in; crease the dlfi'uslng luminous power o'fflthe object to be photographed as excessively large interior means have to beemployed in order to obtain the. efiect of an interior incand'escent lamp'if" the latter be changed to an outside However, the invention is not limited to; 7

they photographic reproduction, i. examination a andlradi'ation of the bladder or any other human. or animal cavities and ducts orpassages, intowhich optical systems; or devices are,v introduced I forv examination or photo-I graphic objects, 'but the invention isapplica 'ble .also for. other kinds of hollow spaces orj cavities, whose entry is very smallcompared;

with their sizes, such as forexamplefor steam boilers, the cylinders of lnternal combustion engines and of steam engines, the barrel of a gun and so forth.

When employing the device according to the present invention economical advantages will result when examining hollow spaces or cavities (in which a useful result cannot be obtained with the cystoscope of known con structions) as any .diflicult and expensive dismantling can be avoided. For such examinations the illumination and examination may be carried out through separate introduction-openings or channels, in order to llillllZe to the utmost their interior dimensions.

Modes of carrying out the present invenand illumination di erently constructed; optical systems or devices may be employed for theexamination and thesubsequent irradiation,

e y A device constructed according to Fig. 1 is well suited for this object.

y A designates a hollow member furnished with a neck or narrow passage B through which a tube E is introduced into the'said member A, an optical system F for conveying the image being disposed withinthe tube E,

H designates an inserted glow or incandescent lamp, D amain source of light and C a asurface, for Instance the retina of the eye,

a ground or opal glass screen, a sensitized surface, a PIOJGCtiOIl screen or the like, on

which the image, projected by the optical system F, is produced. The rays of light emitted by the main source oi light I) are transmitted by the optical system]? to the hollow member A.

Fig. 2illustrates a device which is similar tolthe construction shown in Fig.1, but in this'case two tubular optical systems F and G are disposed within the tube E, the system F serving for conveying the image and the a a system G for transmitting the rays of light emitted by the main source of light 1. A cystoscope comprising an ocular tubulus, an external source of light,' an optical system for transmitting light from said source to the area to be examined, a second opticalfsystem for transmitting light from said areato the front end of said tubulus and a tubular member enveloping bothopti cal systems.

2. A cystoscope comprising a hollow transparenttubular member having one closed end andlone open end, a'fwindow near the closed end of said member, a source of light located adjacent the open end of said member,'an optical system for transmitting light rays from said source to the area, under examination, a second optical system for transmitting lightrays from said area to a point adjacent the open end 'of said tubular mem= her, and a second source of light disposed within the closed end of said tubular member for further illuminating the area under examination. r

3. y A device forexamining the interiors oi hollow bodies, comprising a hollow cylindrical member having one o n end and one sealed end, a windowneart enclosed endof said member, an incandescent lamp posi' tioned within said'cylindrical memher'near the sealed end, a powerful'source of light positioned outside said tubular member, an

optical system within said tubular member adapted to transmit light from said source of light to the area under examination and a second optical system within said tubular member adapted to transmit light from said area to a point adjacent the open end of said tubular member.

t. A device for illuminating allkinds oi hollow members which are an entry and whose examination, photography or irradiation is to be carried out from the outside, comprising in combination a tubular member adapted to be introduced into the hollow member, an incandescent lamp secured to the said tubular member near that end which is adopted to bevintroduced into the said hollow member, an optical'system ada ted to be introduced into the saidtubular me her, amain source of light disposeil outside the latter and the entrance of the hollow member for illuminating the part of the hollow member to be reproduced, and

rovided with another optical system also arranged in the said tubular member for transmitting an image to the outside.

In testimony whereofI have signed my name to this specification, FRIEDRICH D AN LEITER. 

